A dual diagnosis, also called a co-occurring disorder, is when a person is struggling with both a substance abuse disorder and one or more mental health disorders at the same time.[1]
Research conducted by the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) suggests that over half of people with a substance use disorder will have some form of mental illness as well.[2] The relationship between the disorders creates an interdependent cycle of worsening symptoms. For example, chronic alcohol consumption can worsen depressive symptoms, benzodiazepine use can increase symptoms of anxiety, and PTSD can contribute to a dependency on opioids. Using substances to self-medicate will make managing almost every type of mental health issue much more challenging. Once these patterns develop, disentangling the various symptoms becomes extremely complex unless comprehensive treatment is provided.
Historically, treating these conditions sequentially or even in parallel (addiction treatment at one place with one doctor, mental health at another with a different doctor) has been the norm. However, research clearly indicates that this method produces poorer outcomes than integrated dual diagnosis treatment, where both conditions are treated simultaneously by a unified clinical team.[3] Integrated dual diagnosis treatment decreases relapse rates, improves mental health outcomes, and provides patients with a treatment model that truly mirrors their experiences.[4]
As evidenced by the position statements of numerous major behavioral health organizations, including The Joint Commission and SAMHSA, integrated dual diagnosis treatment is now considered the standard of care for addressing co-occurring disorders, and the research supporting its effectiveness spans decades.[5]